Izinhlobo Zeziqandisi Zephampu Yokushisa kanye Nezikhuthazo Zokwamukelwa Komhlaba Wonke
Ukuhlukaniswa ngokweziqandisi
Amaphampu okushisa aklanywe ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zama-refrigerant, ngalinye linikeza izici zokusebenza ezihlukile, imiphumela yemvelo, kanye nokucabangela ukuphepha:
- I-R290 (i-Propane): Isiqandisi semvelo esaziwa ngokusebenza kahle kwamandla okumangalisayo kanye ne-Global Warming Potential (GWP) ephansi kakhulu ye-3 kuphela.Nakuba isebenza kahle kakhulu kokubili ezinhlelweni zasekhaya nezebhizinisi, i-R290 iyavutha futhi idinga izinqubo zokuphepha eziqinile.
- I-R32: Ngaphambili yayithandwa kakhulu ezinhlelweni zezindlu nezentengiselwano ezilula, i-R32 inezindlela zokusebenzisa kahle amandla aphezulu kanye nezidingo eziphansi zokucindezela. Kodwa-ke, i-GWP yayo engu-657 iyenza ingasimeme kakhulu imvelo, okuholela ekunciphiseni kancane kancane ukusetshenziswa kwayo.
- I-R410A: Ibalulekile ngenxa yokungashisi kanye namandla ayo okupholisa/okushisa aqinile ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephezulu. Naphezu kokuthembeka kwayo kwezobuchwepheshe, i-R410A iyasuswa ngenxa ye-GWP yayo ephezulu ka-2088 kanye nokukhathazeka ngezemvelo.
- I-R407C: Ivame ukukhethwa ukuze ifake kabusha izinhlelo ze-HVAC ezindala, i-R407C inikeza ukusebenza okuhle nge-GWP ephakathi engu-1774. Noma kunjalo, i-eco-footprint yayo ibangela ukuphuma kancane kancane emakethe.
- I-R134A: Yaziwa ngokuqina nokufaneleka ezindaweni zezimboni—ikakhulukazi lapho kudingeka khona ukusebenza kwezinga lokushisa eliphakathi kuya kweliphansi. I-GWP yayo engu-1430, nokho, ishukumisela ukushintshela kwezinye izindlela eziluhlaza njenge-R290.
Ukusekelwa Komhlaba Wonke Kokwamukelwa Kwephampu Yokushisa
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I-United Kingdom inikeza izibonelelo ezingama-£5,000 zokufakwa kwephampu yokushisa evela emoyeni kanye nama-£6,000 ezinhlelo zomthombo ongaphansi komhlaba. Lezi zibonelelo zisebenza kokubili ezakhiweni ezintsha kanye namaphrojekthi okuvuselela.
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ENorway, abanikazi bezindlu nabathuthukisi bangazuza ezibonelelweni ezifika ku-€1,000 zokufaka amaphampu okushisa avela emhlabathini, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kusezindaweni ezintsha noma ezakhiweni ezintsha.
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IPortugal ithembisa ukubuyisela imali efinyelela ku-85% wezindleko zokufaka, ngomkhawulo omkhulu ongu-€2,500 (ngaphandle kwe-VAT). Lesi sikhuthazo sisebenza kokubili ezakhiweni ezisanda kwakhiwa kanye nezikhona.
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I-Ireland ibilokhu ihlinzeka ngezibonelelo kusukela ngo-2021, okuhlanganisa u-€3,500 wamaphampu okushisa asuka emoyeni aye emoyeni, kanye no-€4,500 wezinhlelo zomoya oya emanzini noma ezisuka emhlabathini ezifakwe ezindlini. Ukufakwa kwendlu yonke okuhlanganisa izinhlelo eziningi, kutholakala isibonelelo esifinyelela ku-€6,500.
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Okokugcina, iJalimane inikeza ukwesekwa okukhulu kokufakwa kabusha kwamaphampu okushisa avela emoyeni, ngezibonelelo ezisukela ku-€15,000 kuya ku-€18,000. Lolu hlelo lusebenza kuze kube ngu-2030, luqinisa ukuzibophezela kweJalimane ezixazululweni zokushisa ezisimeme.
Indlela Yokukhetha Iphampu Yokushisa Ephelele Yekhaya Lakho
Ukukhetha ipompo yokushisa efanele kungazwakala kunzima, ikakhulukazi ngamamodeli nezici eziningi emakethe. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi utshala imali ohlelweni olunikeza induduzo, ukusebenza kahle, kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside, gxila kulezi zinto eziyisithupha ezibalulekile.
1. Qondanisa Isimo Sakho Sezulu
Akuwona wonke amaphampu okushisa asebenza kahle kakhulu emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kakhulu. Uma uhlala endaweni evame ukwehla ngaphansi kweqhwa, funa iyunithi elinganiselwe ngqo ukusebenza kahle kwesimo sezulu esibandayo. Lawa mamodeli agcina ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu ngisho nalapho amazinga okushisa angaphandle ehla, evimbela imijikelezo yokuncibilika njalo futhi eqinisekisa ukufudumala okuthembekile kulo lonke ubusika.
2. Qhathanisa Izilinganiso Zokusebenza Kahle
Amalebula okusebenza kahle akutshela ukuthi uthola ugesi ongakanani oshisayo noma opholile ngeyunithi ngayinye kagesi osetshenzisiwe.
- I-SEER (Isilinganiso Sokusebenza Kahle Kwamandla Esizini) ilinganisa ukusebenza kokupholisa.
- I-HSPF (Heating Seasonal Performance Factor) ilinganisa ukusebenza kahle kokushisa.
- I-COP (i-Coefficient of Performance) ikhombisa ukuguqulwa kwamandla okuphelele kuzo zombili izindlela.
Izinombolo eziphakeme kumethrikhi ngayinye zihumusha zibe yizindleko eziphansi zezinsiza kanye nokwehla kwe-carbon footprint.
3. Cabanga Ngamazinga Omsindo
Amazinga omsindo angaphakathi nangaphandle angenza noma aphule induduzo yakho yokuphila—ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezixinene noma ezindaweni zezentengiselwano ezizwela umsindo. Funa amamodeli anezilinganiso eziphansi ze-decibel kanye nezici zokunciphisa umsindo njengezindawo zokuvala ezivalekile ze-compressor kanye nezindawo zokubeka ezinciphisa ukudlidliza.
4. Khetha Isiqandisi Esinobungani Nokuvikelwa Kwemvelo
Njengoba imithetho iqina futhi ukuqwashisa ngemvelo kukhula, uhlobo lwe-refrigerant lubaluleke kakhulu kunanini ngaphambili. Iziqandisi zemvelo ezifana ne-R290 (propane) ziqhosha nge-Global Warming Potential ephansi kakhulu, kuyilapho amakhemikhali amaningi amadala esuswa. Ukubeka phambili i-refrigerant eluhlaza akugcini nje ngokuvikela imali yakho esikhathini esizayo kodwa futhi kusiza ekunciphiseni ukukhishwa kwamagesi okushisa ukushisa.
5. Khetha ubuchwepheshe be-Inverter
Amaphampu okushisa endabuko ajikeleza futhi avale ngamandla aphelele, okubangela ukushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa kanye nokuguguleka komshini. Amayunithi aqhutshwa yi-inverter, ngokuphambene, aguqula isivinini se-compressor ukuze sihambisane nesidingo. Lokhu kulungiswa okuqhubekayo kunikeza induduzo eqinile, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuncishisiwe, kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside kwemishini.
6. Usayizi Ofanele Wesistimu Yakho
Iphampu encane izosebenza ingayeki, ilwela ukufinyelela amazinga okushisa amisiwe, kuyilapho iyunithi enkulu kakhulu izojikeleza njalo futhi yehluleke ukukhipha umswakama kahle. Yenza ukubala okuningiliziwe komthwalo—ubheka ubukhulu besikwele sendlu yakho, ikhwalithi yokushisa, indawo yamafasitela, kanye nesimo sezulu sendawo—ukuze uthole umthamo ofanele. Ukuze uthole isiqondiso sochwepheshe, xhumana nomkhiqizi odumile noma umfakisi oqinisekisiwe ongakwazi ukwenza izincomo zivumelane nezidingo zakho eziqondile.
Ngokuhlola ukufaneleka kwesimo sezulu, izilinganiso zokusebenza kahle, ukusebenza kahle kwe-acoustic, ukukhetha kwe-refrigerant, amakhono e-inverter, kanye nosayizi wesistimu, uzobe usendleleni eya ekukhetheni ipompo yokushisa egcina ikhaya lakho likhululekile, izikweletu zakho zamandla zilawulwa, kanye nomthelela wakho emvelweni ube mncane.
Xhumana nesevisi yamakhasimende e-Hien ukuze ukhethe iphampu yokushisa efaneleka kakhulu.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-01-2025